Mental health of transgender people: integrative literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/psiunisc.v6i2.17227Keywords:
Transgender, Mental health, Risk factors, Protective factors, Integrative literature reviewAbstract
The transgender phenomenon occurs when the person does not identify with the gender assigned at birth, which is usually marked by conflicts and internal struggles. This study aimed to map national and international studies on the mental health of transgender people in the last five years. An integrative literature review was developed, following the PRISMA protocol (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyzes), through four databases (Lilacs, Scielo, APA Psycinfo and Web of Science), using the descriptors “transsexual OR transgender ” AND “mental health. The results were analyzed from 16 articles located and divided into three categories: mental health problems, risk factors and protective factors. There was a high prevalence of problems to the mental health of transgender people, such as depressed and anxious symptoms, use of psychoactive substances and alcohol, suicidal attempt and ideation, self-injurious behavior and decreased self-esteem. The main risk factors were social stigma and prejudice, in addition to lack of social support. On the other hand, the protective factors for mental health were social support, a functional marital relationship and the possibility of gender affirmation processes. It is concluded that it is extremely important that the Brazilian scientific scenario can contribute to a deeper understanding of mental health issues in the national context and to plan intervention strategies for social inclusion and combating prejudice against gender identity.
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