Fatiga por compasión y situaciones de desastres: una revisión narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/psiunisc.v8i3.19634Palabras clave:
fatiga por compasión, desastres, salud laboral, impacto del desastre, calidad de vida professionalResumen
La Fatiga por Compasión (FC) implica cambios cognitivos y simbólicos resultantes de la exposición al dolor y sufrimento de los demás. Para tanto, el estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar cómo la literatura científica presenta la Fatiga por Compasión en profesionales que actúan en situaciones de desastres. Se trata de una revisión de la literatura narrativa, con una búsqueda sistemática en tres bases de datos, basada en los descriptores “Fatiga por Compasión” y “Desastres”, en idiomas portugués, inglés y español. La investigación se desarrolló de octubre a diciembre de 2023. Un total de 28 artículos formaron parte de esta revisión. Los hallazgos se agruparon en cuatro categorías: Presencia de FQ, Síndrome de Burnout y Estrés Traumático Secundario; Causas, efectos y factores de riesgo asociados a la aparición de FQ en situaciones de desastres; Impactos de los desastres y profesionales de la ayuda y estrategias de mitigación y afrontamiento de desastres e intervenciones de CF. La literatura indica que los profesionales que trabajan en desastres están expuestos a la FQ, ademas de implicaciones para la salud de estos trabajadores, lo que sugiere estrategias de afrontamiento y atención como prevención individual e inversiones en recursos psicológicos. Es necesaria una escucha especializada continua, que considere las demandas de los profesionales y el escenario en el que ocurre el desastre.
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