CULTURAL DETERMINISMS IN FRONT OF CHILDHOOD PLAYFULNESS: CONCEPTS AND PARADIGMS

Abstract

This paper aims the culture instituted in the society and the childhood space during the years, discussing the play activities in the first childhood. In this way, it provides a reflection about the perception and experiences in childhood, established by society in a specific historical time. It was used authors as: Áries (1986) and Kramer; Leite (1998) to discuss the childhood; Château (1987), Brougère (1995), Nogueira (1998), Santos (2000) and Negrini (2000) to the approach of childhood aspects and its importance to children development; and Morin (1991), Pérez Gómez (2001), Neves (2002) and Santos (2002) to understand the cultural determinisms in contemporary society, considering aspects of actual school culture. It purposes the historical comprehension of how the playfulness is being lived in the children spaces-times, and more specific, in the school. Then, it's believed in playfulness experiences as relevant activities and necessary to good children development, emphasizing that the playfulness activities must be present in the pedagogical practices in time of economic, technological and industrial advances.