Prevenção à exposição por aerossóis da COVID-19 durante a intubação orotraqueal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v12i1.17013Palavras-chave:
COVID-19. Aerossóis. Profissionais de saúde. Intubação intratraqueal.Resumo
Justificativa e objetivos: durante a intubação orotraqueal (IOT), ocorre a exposição aos aerossóis da COVID-19 e consequente contaminação dos profissionais envolvidos, observando-se a necessidade de aplicar medidas de prevenção. Objetiva-se conhecer, na literatura científica, quais as principais medidas de prevenção, para profissionais de saúde, aos aerossóis gerados durante a IOT dos pacientes suspeitos ou confirmados para COVID-19. Conteúdo: foi realizada uma revisão integrativa, com busca nas bases LILACS, SciELO, BDENF, MEDLINE, PubMed e Cochrane Wiley. Foram selecionados artigos primários, com texto completo em português, espanhol e inglês, que contemplassem o objetivo da pesquisa. Dos 335 artigos encontrados, foram selecionados 22 de acordo com critérios de inclusão. Em 18 (82%) dos artigos, destacou-se a utilização de métodos de barreira ao executar o procedimento de intubação, tais como box/caixa acrílica e lona plástica. Em outros estudos (3; 14%), observou-se a necessidade de incluir nas instituições hospitalares times de intubação capacitados para diminuir a contaminação dos profissionais e a aplicação de checklist, que norteiam o procedimento. Um único artigo trouxe a utilização de capa de proteção ortopédica adaptada para proteção do intubador. Conclusão: as medidas mostram-se eficazes para diminuir a exposição aos aerossóis e permitir a segurança dos profissionais de saúde. O box de intubação deve ser usado com cautela ponderando riscos e benefícios quanto à possibilidade de aerossolização durante sua utilização na intubação orotraqueal.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Aline Branco, Rita Catalina Aquino Caregnato, Rafaela Milanesi
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