Folato e vitamina B12 relacionados com homocisteína e danos no DNA em estudantes universitárias
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v14i2.19000Resumo
Justificativa e Objetivos: Não está claro se o aumento do conhecimento dos estudantes de nutrição está associado a um comportamento alimentar mais saudável, com menores deficiências de micronutrientes que podem induzir danos no DNA. A deficiência de algumas vitaminas pode ser um fator de risco para o aumento dos níveis de homocisteína (Hcy), um marcador de risco cardiovascular. Portanto, este estudo verificou se folato e vitamina B12 dietético e sérico estão associados aos níveis de Hcy e danos no DNA em estudantes universitárias. Métodos: Estudo transversal com universitárias do sul do Brasil. Determinou-se folato, vitamina B12 e Hcy dietético e séricos. Os níveis de danos no DNA foram avaliados pelo ensaio do cometa alcalino (índice e frequência) e pelo ensaio de micronúcleos bucais (frequência de micronúcleos e células binucleadas). Resultados: Análises de correlação não mostraram associação entre os níveis de Hcy com o consumo de folato e vitamina B12 dietético ou sérico. Folato e vitamina B12 dietéticos associou-se ao índice e frequência de danos, entretanto, somente folato sérico associou-se negativamente ao índice e frequência de danos. Ainda, a frequência de células binucleadas estava negativamente associada à vitamina B12 da dieta e positivamente associada aos níveis séricos. Folato sérico associou-se negativamente à frequência de micronúcleos. Os níveis de Hcy associou-se ao índice e frequência de danos. Conclusão: Esses achados fortalecem o papel de padrões alimentares mais saudáveis com micronutrientes adequados como estratégia preventiva visando a redução do risco de doenças cardiovasculares. Esta abordagem deve desempenhar um papel fundamental na formulação de políticas de saúde e na defesa de escolhas alimentares apropriadas.
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