Profile and knowledge of pregnant women about gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the metabolic disorder that causes a reduction in glucose tolerance, diagnosed during pregnancy, which may or may not continue after childbirth. In Brazil, around 7% of pregnancies are complicated by gestational hyperglycemia. The present study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological, socioeconomic, clinical and obstetric profile and to identify the knowledge regarding Gestational Diabetes Mellitus of pregnant women attended at a Specialized Health Center for Women of a Basic Health Unit of Lajeado/RS. Method: The methodology consisted of three questionnaires (socioeconomic profile, epidemiological and clinical-obstetric profile, evaluation of knowledge about DMG, and evaluation of pregnant women's knowledge about diabetes). Twenty pregnant women attended at UBS from April 15 to May 15, 2017. The information was tabulated in the Excel spreadsheet, and the quantitative variables were described by absolute and relative frequency, followed by the syntax predicted for analysis of DKN-a. Results: The results show that pregnant women do not have knowledge about Diabetes, although 90% affirm that they have information and update on health topics. The majority of pregnant women are white, from Lajeado, married or in stable union, with monthly income up to 3 minimum wages, 85% are between 15 and 35 years old and 50% have primary education. The majority (90%) do not have pre-gestational disease, 55% use medication during pregnancy, 65% do not practice physical activity and 65% did not consult a nutritionist in the last 12 months. None of the pregnant women had Diabetes Mellitus or had DMG in pregnancy, but one participant (5%) had DMG. Conclusion: It is concluded that the majority of pregnant women are unaware of the risks or the necessary management care to avoid GDM. Keywords: Endocrinology. Gestation. Hyperglycemia.