Handmade face mask can be sterilized without compromising their efficacy

Abstract

Background and Objectives: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted by contact, droplets and aerosols. The World Health Organization recommends the mandatory use of surgical masks for health professionals and encourages countries to adhere to their use, en masse, in order to minimize the transmission of the virus. Since the lack of this personal protective equipment is a cause for concern, the objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of facial masks regarding (i) the mechanical properties of elongation, rupture stress and resistance to air passage and (ii) the morphometric properties of thickness, fiber diameter and pore distribution after autoclave sterilization. Methods: The masks were made in TNT Spunbonded (100% polypropylene, 60 g/m²), autoclaved at 70 ºC for 5 minutes and stored in plastic films at room temperature. Then, the mechanical properties were determined in an Instron universal testing machine and Gurley type automatic densimeter and the morphometric properties in a semi-automatic thickness gauge and scanning electron microscope. Results: It was observed that a cycle of sterilization of facial masks, by moist heat under pressure, increased the blanket's stiffness, did not produce physical damage and did not reduce the blanket's barrier capacity. Conclusion: The sterilization of face masks made of TNT can be considered a strategy to increase safety in their production and use.