Epidemiological profile of leptospirosis in Minas Gerais State, Brazil 2012-2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v14i2.18606Keywords:
Leptospirosis. Epidemiology. Public health.Abstract
Background and Objectives: Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Leptospira spp. and its epidemiology is not well known in Minas Gerais State, which makes its prevention and control more difficult. The objective of this study is to outline the epidemiological profile of leptospirosis in the State of Minas Gerais from 2012 to 2022. Methods: An ecological epidemiological study was carried out by collecting data from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, the secondary database was made available by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System. Data regarding the disease cases notified in the selected place and period were collected and descriptive statistical analyses were carried out based on sociodemographic and clinico-epidemiological variables. Results: 1,728 cases of leptospirosis were reported. The highest number of notifications was in 2020 and the lowest in 2015. There is a higher occurrence of the disease in the white population (46.30%), in males (81.66%) and in the age group 40 to 59 years (38.77 %). As for education, the highest number of registered cases was ignored/blank, with 814 (47.11%). Observing the evolution of the disease, from 2012 to 2022, the aggravation of leptospirosis leading to death occurred in 9.29% of the cases. Cure was the most frequent outcome: 1,415 discharges in that decade (81.89%). Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, we concluded that there is a predominance of male patients, white, aged between 40 and 59 years, in relation to education, the largest number of registered cases was ignored/blank and more than 80% of the cases notified resulted in the recovery of the patient's health.
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