Epidemiological profi le of hospital infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria in a hospital of northern Minas Gerais (Brazil)

Abstract

Backgound and Objectives: Nosocomial infection (IH) is an increasingly common problem and the presence of resistant microorganisms causes clinical and economic impact. This study aims to determine the epidemiology of nosocomial infections caused by Multidrug- Resistant bacteria in a hospital in northern Minas Gerais. Methods: Notifi cation forms obtained from the Infection Control Service (SCIH) of a hospital of Northern Minas Gerais were analyzed, for the period April 2011 to April 2012. Were included in the study all cases of Hospital Infection (IH) caused by multidrug- resistant bacteria (MDR). Results: There were 44 cases of MDR caused by IH, 19 females and 25 males. The most frequent infection sites were: Urinary Tract Infection (40,9%) and Bloodstream Infection (25%). The highest frequency of cases occurred in the age group 60 to 69 years and in the period 0-15 days of hospitalization. The bacteria found were Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.7%), Escherichia coli (23.4%), Acinetobacter baumannii (21.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.4%), Enterobacter sp (2.1%), Morganella morganii (2.1%) and Burkholderia cepacia (2.1%). The resistance mechanism most frequent was ESBL production. IH by MDR has more invasive procedures that occur in bacteria IH not MDR, OR: 3.7 (95% CI: 2:02-4:03). Conclusion: The prevalence of MDR infection during the study period was 11.6%. It is important to detect and control the spread of MDR microorganisms because of their impact on morbidity and survival of patients. KEYWORDS: Hospital-Acquired Infection. Drug Resistance. Bacteria.