Patrón de consumo de alimentos y sobrepeso en niños en edad preescolar: estudio transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v12i4.17082Resumen
Justificación y objetivos: el estilo de vida de los niños relacionado con la alimentación trajo cambios en su estado de peso y patrones de alimentación. El objetivo fue investigar la asociación entre el patrón de consumo de alimentos y el sobrepeso en preescolares de seis años. Métodos: análisis transversal de una cohorte prospectiva de nacimiento, en 2004, en Feira de Santana-BA. Se verificó la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos, caracterizada por patrones y establecida a través del cuestionario de frecuencia de alimentos, validado en un estudio previo, en el patrón 1: leche, verduras, cereales, legumbres, frutas y pescado; patrón 2: bocadillos, refrescos/jugos artificiales, aceites, dulces y café/té; patrón 3: salchichas, fast food, salsa de tomate/mayonesa y huevo; patrón 4: carnes rojas y pollo. El exceso de peso se definió según los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la asociación principal se evaluó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson y regresión de Poisson. Resultados: 618 niños fueron investigados. El exceso de peso se presentó en el 28,6% y la frecuencia del patrón 3 fue del 68%. En el análisis bivariado, solo el patrón 3 se asoció con el exceso de peso del niño (RP: 1,23; IC95%: 1,01-1,63). En el análisis multivariado, la prevalencia de niños con sobrepeso que consumieron el patrón 3 fue del 50% (RPajustado: 1,50; IC95%: 1,01–1,93). Conclusión: el consumo moderado/alto de salchichas, fast food, ketchup/mayonesa y huevos se asoció con sobrepeso entre los niños de la muestra.
Descargas
Citas
Hales CM, Carrol MD, Fryar CD, et al. Prevalence of obesity among adults and youth: United States, 2015–2016. (2017). NCHS Data Brief. 2017; (288): 1-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29155689/
Ward ZJ, Long MW, Resch SC, et al. Simulation of growth trajectories of childhood obesity into adulthood. N Engl J Med. 2017; 377: 2145-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1703860
Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria – Departamento de Nutrologia Obesidade na infância e adolescência – Manual de Orientação/Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Departamento Científico de Nutrologia. 3ª. Ed. – São Paulo: SBP. 2019. 236 p. https://www.sbp.com.br/imprensa/detalhe/nid/manual-de-orientacao-sobre-obesidade-na-infancia-e-adolescencia-esta-disponivel-para-os-associados-da-sbp/
Ribeiro G, Lopes ERN, Magalhães JC, et al. Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças da rede pública de ensino da cidade de Cruz das Almas, Bahia. Revista Baiana de Saúde Pública. 2013; 37 (1): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22278/2318-2660.2013.v37.n1.a781
Corrêa VP, Paiva KM, Besen E, et al. O impacto da obesidade infantil no brasil: revisão sistemática. 2020; 14 (85): 177-183. http://www.rbone.com.br/index.php/rbone/article/view/1208
Romanelli R, Cecchi N, Carbone MG, et al. Pediatric obesity: prevention is better than care. Ital J Pediatr. 2020; 46(1):103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13052-020-00868-7
Monteiro CA, Cannon G, Moubarac JC, et al. The UN decade of nutrition, the NOVA food classification and the trouble with ultra-processing. Public Health Nutr. 2018; 21:5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980017000234
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (BR). Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2017-2018: Avaliação Nutricional da disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos no Brasil/IBGE, Coordenação de Trabalho e Rendimento. - Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 2020. https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/index.php/biblioteca-catalogo?view=detalhes&id=2101704
Ayrton A, Ibrahim A. The Western diet: a blind spot of eating disorder research?-a narrative review and recommendations for treatment and research. Nutr Rev. 2020; 78(7):579-596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuz089
Madruga, SW, Araujo CLP, Bertoldi AD, et al. Tracking of dietary patterns from childhood to adolescence. Rev Saúde Pública. 2012; 46 (2): 376-386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102012005000016.
Liberali R, Kupek E, Assis MAA. Dietary patterns and childhood obesity risk: a systematic review. Childhood Obesity. 2020; 16 (2): 70-85. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1089/chi.2019.0059
Liu D, Zhao LY, Yu DM, et al. Dietary patterns and association with obesity of children aged 6–17 years in medium and small cities in China: Findings from the CNHS 2010–2012. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (1): 3. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3390/nu11010003.
Jesus GM, Vieira GO, Vieira TO, et al. Determinants of overweight in children under 4 years of age. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010; 86(4): 311-316. http://dx.doi.org/10.2223/JPED.2009
Garrido-Miguel M, Oliveira A, Cavero-Redondo I, et al. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among European Preschool Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression by Food Group Consumption. Nutrientes. 2019; 11 (7): 1698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11071698
Gomes KEPS, Costa MCO, Vieira TO, et al. Fatores Associados à Obesidade e o Padrão De Consumo Alimentar De Pré-Escolares Em Feira De Santana, Bahia, Brazil. Rev Nutri. 2017; 30(5):639-650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652017000500009.
World Health Organization (WHO). Physical Status: Men Ageing And Health. Geneva: World Health Organization. 1999 acesso 2020 jan 30]. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/66941/WHO_NMH_NPH_01.2.pd
World Health Organization (WHO). Preterm birth. 2014. acesso 2020 jan 30]. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs363/en/
Ministério da Saúde (BR). Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Marco de referência da vigilância alimentar e nutricional na atenção básica/Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. – Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2015. http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/portaldab/publicacoes/marco_referencia_vigilancia_alimentar.pdf
World Health Organization (WHO). Childhood overweight and obesity. 2019 [acesso 18
Emond JA, Longacre MR, Titus LJ, et al. Fast food intake and excess weight gain over a 1‐year period among preschool‐age children. Pediatr Obes. 2020; 15 (4): e12602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12602
Wood AC, Blisset JM, Brunstrom JM, et al. Caregiver influences on eating behaviors in young children: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2020; 9(10): e014520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.014520
Poorolajal J, Sahraei F, Mohamdadi Y,
et al. Behavioral factors influencing childhood obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity research & clinical practice. 2020; 14(2): 109-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2020.03.002
Costa CS, Rauber F, Leffa PS, et al. Ultra-processed food consumption and its effects on anthropometric and glucose profile: A longitudinal study during childhood. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2019; 29 (2): 177-184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2018.11.003
Pearce M, Bray I, Horswell M. Weight gain in mid-childhood and its relationship with the fast food environment. J Saúde Pública (Oxf). 2018; 40 (2): 237-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdx108
Bellach J, Schwarz V, Ahrens B, et al. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of hen's egg consumption for primary prevention in infants. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017; 139(5):1591-1599.e2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.045
##submission.downloads##
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Jessica Santos Passos Costa, Mara Viana Cardoso Amaral , Gabriela Cintra Dos Santos , Tatiana De Oliveira Vieira , Gilmar Mercês De Jesus , Graciete Oliveira Vieira , Ana Mayra Andrade De Oliveira
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
The author must state that the paper is original (has not been published previously), not infringing any copyright or other ownership right involving third parties. Once the paper is submitted, the Journal reserves the right to make normative changes, such as spelling and grammar, in order to maintain the language standard, but respecting the author’s style. The published papers become ownership of RECI, considering that all the opinions expressed by the authors are their responsibility. Because we are an open access journal, we allow free use of articles in educational and scientific applications provided the source is cited under the Creative Commons CC-BY license.