Contaminación ambiental microbiológica en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v13i4.18271Palabras clave:
Infecção Hospitalar, Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla, Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica, Serviço Hospitalar de Limpeza, EnfermagemResumen
Justificación y Objetivos: las superficies y equipos inanimados del entorno hospitalario se consideran reservorios de microorganismos resistentes y patógenos. En las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos el riesgo de infección también se relaciona con la gravedad de patologías asociadas a la inmadurez del sistema inmunológico de esta población. El objetivo de este estudio es investigar la contaminación ambiental microbiológica en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Método: este es un estudio exploratorio transversal, realizado en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos de un hospital universitario de alta complejidad, ubicado en el Sur de Brasil. Para evaluar la contaminación ambiental se frotaron hisopos estériles en las superficies correspondientes a la unidad de pacientes y en el área común. Resultados: se analizaron 28 superficies, 12 de las cuales estaban ubicadas en unidades ocupadas por los pacientes al momento de la recolección y 16 superficies en el área de uso común. Del total de superficies analizadas por cultivos microbiológicos, la unidad de pacientes presentó un 66,67% de contaminación por microorganismos, mientras que las superficies del área común presentaron un 56,25%. En cuanto al perfil microbiológico, todos los microorganismos aislados fueron Gram positivos y presentaron resistencia, concretamente Staphylococcus aureus y Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo. Conclusión: se evidenció una alta frecuencia de contaminación en superficies inanimadas y equipos cercanos y lejanos del paciente, fundamentalmente por microorganismos patógenos y multirresistentes a los antimicrobianos.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Renata Pires de Arruda Faggion, Ana Carolina Souza de Lima , Giovanna Yamashita Tomita , Francielly Palhano Gregorio , Tiago Danelli, Márcia Regina Eches Perugini, Gilselena Kerbauy
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