Autoeficacia en higiene de manos y uso de guantes entre enfermeras durante la pandemia de COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i1.19372Palabras clave:
Profissionais de saúde. SARS-CoV-2. Controle de infecção. Conhecimento em Saúde. Educação em Enfermagem, Profesionales de la salud. SARS-CoV-2. Control de infección. Conocimiento en Salud. Educación en enfermería.Resumen
Justificación y Objetivos: La propagación global del SARS-CoV-2 condujo a la pandemia de COVID-19, lo que requirió medidas preventivas, especialmente la higiene de manos y el uso de guantes. Dada la alta transmisibilidad del virus, la enfermería, que se encuentra en la primera línea, enfrentó una enorme presión. Los objetivos del estudio fueron:a) evaluar la frecuencia de profesionales de enfermería con autoeficacia en la higiene de manos y el uso de guantes durante la pandemia en las cinco regiones de Brasil; b) comparar las puntuaciones de autoeficacia entre las regiones; y c) analizar la asociación entre las características sociodemográficas y el nivel de autoeficacia. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional retrospectivo realizado entre noviembre de 2020 y diciembre de 2021, con una muestra de 493 profesionales de enfermería (auxiliares, técnicos y enfermeros) de las cinco regiones de Brasil, quienes respondieron al cuestionario "Autoeficacia de los Profesionales de Salud: Higiene de Manos y Uso de Guantes." Resultados: De los participantes, el 72,5% eran enfermeros, el 75,8% eran mujeres, el 21,3% tenían entre 18 y 24 años, y el 50,4% tenían estudios de posgrado (maestría y/o doctorado). La mayoría de los profesionales presentaron un alto nivel de autoeficacia en la higiene de manos y el uso de guantes (≥ 60%). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones de autoeficacia entre las regiones de Brasil, ni asociación entre la autoeficacia y las características sociodemográficas. Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos durante la pandemia de COVID-19 constituyen una herramienta importante de gestión en salud, útil para identificar lagunas en el conocimiento, las habilidades y el compromiso en la gestión del control de infecciones.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Daniella Corrêa Cordeiro, Jéssica Fernanda Corrêa Cordeiro , Ludmila Albano de Felice Gomes, Tatiana Areas da Cruz, Marilia Duarte Valim, Denise de Andrade, André Pereira dos Santos

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