The Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) cross-cultural adaptation in a brazilian elderly sample
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/psiunisc.v6i1.17278Keywords:
Elderly, Forgiveness, Transcultural adaptationAbstract
The Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) is an instrument that measures personal willingness to forgive in relation to others, yourself and situations that are beyond anyone's control. The present study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt HFS for the elderly Brazilian population. For this study, the method was divided into stages: conceptual definitions and literature review; translation and synthesis of translations; backtranslation; expert analysis; pilot study and preparation of the final version of the instrument; first psychometric analyzes of the final version of the instrument. In the translation, backtranslation and expert analysis stages, four translators and two specialist psychologists participated. The pilot study, on the other hand, included the participation of 32 elderly people. The instruments used were: socio-demographic data sheet and the HFS. From this study, although in an initial character, it can be concluded that HFS is translated into Brazilian Portuguese and adapted cross-culturally for the elderly Brazilian population. Therefore, it is able to be applied to a larger sample so it’s possible to carry on psychometric analysis of its validation. Other cultures instrument adaptation on this theme are necessary for the Brazilian reality due to the scarcity of instruments about forgiveness, especially in the elderly population. In the future, it can also contribute to the development of intervention techniques and the creation of strategies aimed at preventing and promoting the health of the elderly.
Downloads
References
Allemand, M. (2008). Age differences in forgivingness: The role of future time perspective. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(5), 1137–1147. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.02.009
Artes, R., & Barroso, L. P. (2016). Introdução estatística à avaliação das escalas. In C. Gorestein, Y. Wang, & I. Hungerbühler (Orgs.), Instrumentos de Avaliação em Saúde Mental (pp. 23-36). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Beaton, D., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2002). Recommendations for the cross-cultural adaptation of health status measures. New York: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 12, 1-9.
Borsa, J. C., Damásio, B. F., & Bandeira, D. (2012). Adaptação e validação de instrumentos psicológicos entre culturas: algumas considerações. Paidéia, (53), 423432.
Cassepp-Borges, V., Balbinotti, M. A., & Teodoro, M. L. (2010). Tradução e validação de conteúdo: uma proposta para a adaptação de instrumentos. In L. Pasquali (Org.). Instrumentação psicológica: Fundamentos e práticas (pp. 506-520). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Cooper, H., Camic, P., Long, D., Panter, A. T., Rindskopf, D., & Sher, K. J. (2012). APA handbook of research methods in psychology, Vol 1: Foundations, planning, measures, and psychometrics. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
Dahiya, R., & Rangnekar, S. (2020). Forgiveness in Indian organizations: a revisit of the heartland forgiveness scale. Current Psychology, 39(6), 2174-2191.
Fagundes, A. J. D. F. M. (1999). Descrição, definição e registro de comportamento. Edicon.
Gallo-Giunzioni, K., Prieto-Ursúa, M., Fernández-Belinchón, C., & Luque-Reca, O. (2021). Measuring forgiveness: psychometric properties of the Heartland Forgiveness Scale in the Spanish population. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(1), 45. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010045
Godoy Izquierdo, D., Martínez, A., & Godoy, J. F. (2009). Balance afectivo en hombres y mujeres: Implicaciones de la edad y el sexo. Psicología Conductual, 17(2), 299319.
Ikedo, F., Castro, L., Fraguas, S., Rego, F., & Nunes, R. (2020). Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the European Portuguese version of the heartland forgiveness scale. Health and quality of life outcomes, 18(1), 1-9.
McCullough, M. E., & Witvliet, C. V. (2002). The psychology of forgiveness. Handbook of positive psychology, 2, 446-455.
Organização Mundial da Saúde [OMS]. (2002). Active ageing: a police framework. Recuperado de https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/67215
Pasquali, L. (2016). Princípios de elaboração de escalas. In C. Gorenstein, T.-P Wang, I. Hungerbühler (Orgs.), Instrumentos de avaliação em saúde mental. Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Ramírez, E., Ortega, A. R., Chamorro, A., & Colmenero, J. M. (2014). A program of positive intervention in the elderly: Memories, gratitude and forgiveness. Aging & mental health, 18(4), 463-470. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2013.856858
Rodrigues, G. V. A., Giacomoni, C. H., & Argimon, I. I. L. (2019) Perdão: ressignificando vivências adversas. In I. I. L. Argimon, A. A. Moraes, C. V. Quiroga, & G. V. A. Rodrigues (Orgs.). Avaliação e Intervenção no Ciclo Vital: da Promoção de Saúde à Prática Clínica (1 ed., pp. 181192). São Paulo: Hogrefe.
Seligman, M. E. (2002). Positive psychology, positive prevention, and positive therapy. In C. Snyder, & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 3-12). New York: Oxford University Press.
Suzman, R., Beard, J. R., Boerma, T., & Chatterji, S. (2015). Health in an ageing world—what do we know?. The Lancet, 385(9967), 484-486.
Streiner, D. L., Norman, G. R., & Cairney, J. (2014). Health measurement scales: a practical guide to their development and use. New York: Oxford University Press.
Thompson, L. Y., Snyder, C. R., Hoffman, L., Michael, S. T., Rasmussen, H. N., Billings, L. S., Heinze, L., Neufeld, J. E., Shorey, H. S., Roberts, J. C., & Roberts, D. E. (2005). Dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations. Journal of personality, 73(2), 313-360.
Toussaint, L. L., Owen, A. D., & Cheadle, A. (2012). Forgive to live: Forgiveness, health, and longevity. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 35(4), 375-386. doi: 10.1007/s10865-011-9362-4
Veras, R. (2009). Envelhecimento populacional contemporâneo: demandas, desafios e inovações. Revista de saúde pública, 43, 548-554.
Hungerbühler, I. & Wang, Y. P. (2016). Aspectos transculturais na adaptação de instrumentos. In C. Gorenstein, T.-P Wang, I. Hungerbühler (Orgs.), Instrumentos de avaliação em saúde mental. Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The submission of originals to this journal implies the transfer, by the authors, of the printed and digital publication rights. The copyrights for the published articles are those of the author, with periodical rights on the first publication. Authors may only use the same results in other publications clearly indicating this journal as the medium of the original publication. Because we are an open access journal, we allow free use of articles in educational and scientific applications provided the source is cited under the Creative Commons CC-BY license.