FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: literature review

Abstract

Currently, the number of obese and hypertensive schoolchildren is high, so it is fundamental that parents and professionals have the knowledge to identify the factors related to the increase in cases, acting mainly on the individuals who are most exposed. The present study aims to verify the factors associated with hypertension in children and adolescents. It is a review of the literature, in the Medline / Pubmed and Scielo databases, from 2013 to March 2018, collected between April and June 2018. The descriptors used were according to the MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) "Hypertension AND Child AND Adolescent ". Through the results, it can be observed that factors related to the development of hypertension were varied, but it was possible to verify that obesity and also, waist circumference (WC), fat percentage, waist height, lipid profile, and the family history of hypertension, were the factors that were most related. It is concluded that obesity and its associated factors can influence the development of hypertension. It is suggested that more studies be conducted to address the relationship between obesity and hypertension.