BENEFÍCIOS DA EQUOTERAPIA NO TRATAMENTO DE PESSOAS COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA

Abstract

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a disability characterized by difficulty in verbal and non-verbal communication, with a lack of social reciprocity, which manifests itself through repetitive behaviors, fixed interests and adherence to routines, in addition to balance disorders , changes in tonus, cardiorespiratory, difficulties in the notion of time and space. Equine therapy is one of the physiotherapeutic interventions that help the development of individuals diagnosed with ASD. Objective: to identify and evaluate the effects of equine therapy in the treatment of children with ASD. Method: a review was elaborated, through articles available in the Scielo, Lilacs, PubMed, Periódico da Capes and Pedro databases, using Health Sciences Descriptors and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: equine therapy may represent an alternative method of rehabilitation to assist in learning and developing motor, social, communication and language skills, in addition to reducing maladaptive behaviors. In motor development, it contributes to greater participation in sports; minor difficulties in walking and running; minor difficulties in the development of domestic tasks; reduction of planning time on a problem-solving task; better coordination and guidance; and limb coordination and strength. In relation to social and cognitive skills, it contributed to greater attention to classes; better monitoring of school work; better school attendance; improvement in problem-solving skills; reduced irritability; reduction of hyperactivity; and improvement in verbal communication skills. Conclusion: equine therapy should be considered as an auxiliary therapy in the treatment of ASD.