Prescripción de antimicrobianos y resistencia bacteriana en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos brasileña

Autores/as

  • Lucia Collares Meirelles Programa de Pós-Graduação em Assistência Farmacêutica. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6906-8615
  • Vera Lúcia Milani Martins Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-3049
  • Diogo Pilger Programa de Pós-Graduação em Assistência Farmacêutica. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8171-2688

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v14i1.19024

Palabras clave:

Antibacterianos, Farmacorresistencia Microbiana, Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, Prueba de Laboratorio

Resumen

Justificación y Objetivos: la resistencia a los antimicrobianos es uno de los principales problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial. Las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos tienen una alta prevalencia de microorganismos resistentes e infecciones, y el uso racional de antibióticos es una de las principales estrategias para afrontar este problema. Este estudio tiene como objetivo estudiar patrones asociados a medicamentos antimicrobianos, así como el perfil de farmacorresistencia de los microorganismos. Métodos: estudio observacional utilizando datos de pacientes hospitalizados ​​en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos y que utilizaron antimicrobianos. Resultados: las causas respiratorias y cardiológicas fueron los motivos más frecuentes de hospitalización. Las clases de antibióticos más utilizadas fueron las cefalosporinas (29,02%), penicilinas (25,84%) y macrólidos (16,10%). Los microorganismos predominantes fueron Klebsiella pneumoniae (13,98%), Staphylococcus aureus (13,44%) y Acinetobacter baumannii (11,83%). Los urocultivos y el aspirado traqueal fueron las pruebas de cultivo con mayor crecimiento de gérmenes gramnegativos. Los pacientes con bacterias aisladas en el aspirado traqueal tuvieron estancias hospitalarias más prolongadas. 20 pacientes tuvieron cultivos de vigilancia positivos. La mortalidad fue del 55,45%. Conclusión: el estudio agregó el perfil epidemiológico de la institución con características de los pacientes, microorganismos aislados y resultados de los pacientes.

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Citas

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Publicado

2024-05-14

Cómo citar

Collares Meirelles, L., Milani Martins , V. L. ., & Pilger, D. (2024). Prescripción de antimicrobianos y resistencia bacteriana en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos brasileña. Revista De Epidemiologia E Controle De Infecção, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v14i1.19024

Número

Vol. 14 Núm. 1 (2024)

Sección

ARTIGO ORIGINAL

Licencia

Derechos de autor 2024 Lucia Collares Meirelles, Vera Lúcia Milani Martins , Diogo Pilger

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