Prescripción antimicrobiana y resistencia bacteriana en uma Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Brasileña

Autores/as

  • Lucia Collares Meirelles Programa de Pós-Graduação em Assistência Farmacêutica. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6906-8615
  • Vera Lúcia Milani Martins Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-3049
  • Diogo Pilger Programa de Pós-Graduação em Assistência Farmacêutica. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8171-2688

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v14i1.19024

Palabras clave:

Antibacterianos, Farmacorresistencia Microbiana, Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, Prueba de Laboratorio

Resumen

Justificación y Objetivos: la resistencia antimicrobiana es una de las principales preocupaciones de salud pública en todo el mundo. Las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos tienen una alta prevalencia de microorganismos resistentes e infecciones, y el uso racional de antibióticos es una de las principales estrategias para abordar este problema. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo describir patrones asociados con medicamentos antimicrobianos, así como el perfil de resistencia de los microorganismos. Métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional utilizando datos de pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos que utilizaron agentes antimicrobianos. Resultados: las causas respiratorias y cardiológicas fueron las razones más frecuentes de admisión, con cefalosporinas (29,02%), penicilina (25,84%) y macrólidos (16,10%) siendo las clases de antibióticos más utilizadas. Los microorganismos predominantes fueron Klebsiella pneumoniae (13,98%), Staphylococcus aureus (13,44%) y Acinetobacter baumannii (11,83%). Los cultivos de orina y el aspirado traqueal fueron las pruebas de cultivo con mayor crecimiento de microorganismos gramnegativos. Los pacientes con bacterias aisladas en el aspirado traqueal tuvieron estancias hospitalarias más largas; 20 pacientes tuvieron cultivos de vigilancia positivos; y la tasa de mortalidad encontrada fue del 55,45%. Conclusión: el estudio combinó el perfil epidemiológico de la institución con las características de los pacientes, los microorganismos aislados y los resultados.

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Citas

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Publicado

2024-05-14

Cómo citar

Collares Meirelles, L., Milani Martins , V. L. ., & Pilger, D. (2024). Prescripción antimicrobiana y resistencia bacteriana en uma Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Brasileña. Revista De Epidemiologia E Controle De Infecção, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v14i1.19024

Número

Vol. 14 Núm. 1 (2024)

Sección

ARTIGO ORIGINAL

Licencia

Derechos de autor 2024 Lucia Collares Meirelles, Vera Lúcia Milani Martins , Diogo Pilger

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