Mensajes de alerta de desastres en rio grande do sul:
desafíos y oportunidades en la comunicación de riesgos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/redes.v29i1.19701Palabras clave:
Gestión de riesgos, Comunicación, Emergencia ambiental, RespuestaResumen
Esta investigación analiza la eficacia de los mensajes de alerta emitidos por las autoridades en Rio Grande do Sul durante un desastre climático ocurrido entre el 26 de abril y el 7 de mayo de 2024. Este evento extremo resultó en precipitaciones superiores a 700 mm, afectando al 96% de los municipios y causando 182 muertes, con más de 2,39 millones de personas afectadas. Utilizando un marco analítico, se examinaron 88 mensajes de alerta en cuanto a la presencia de elementos esenciales: fuente, peligro, ubicación, acciones de protección y período. Los resultados revelan que el 62,5% se referían a inundaciones. El análisis mostró una alta consistencia en la identificación de la fuente y el peligro (100%), pero una baja presencia de detalles sobre impactos (22,7%). La especificación del área afectada se abordó en el 80,7% de los mensajes, pero solo el 39,7% mencionó municipios específicos. Todos los mensajes incluyeron acciones de protección, pero la especificidad varió, con un 10,2% recomendando evacuación. La precisión temporal fue consistente en el 80,7% de los casos. La investigación concluye que, aunque los mensajes eran claros y organizados, faltaban detalles sobre impactos y áreas específicas, reduciendo la eficacia de la comunicación preventiva y la preparación de la población.
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