The social relations in the sugar cane cultivation and new methods introduced at work in Mirandopolis, Lavinia and Valparaiso-SP

Abstract

The social relations established in the sugar cane cultivation by means of new methods of work were the subject of investigation. The analysis aimed to capture the change of the technique base on the cultivation of sugarcane, by the increasing of the constant capital and the consequences of this change for the rural workers. The study focuses on Mirandópolis, Lavinia and Valparaiso, (SP) municipalities. The main authors for the research basis were Alves (2005), Martins (1983), Ianni (1984), Pochmann (2008), Marx (1980) and Lênin (1980). The tools for the collection of the empirical data were questionnaires applied to employees of sugarcane, the farmers and the presidents of unions; observations in a work situation and capturing images and from the tracking satellite system Canasat. The results show the dominance of oligopolies on the land and on the production. The reorganization of work in the rural areas results from this area, as a condition and type of reproduction of capital. With the change of technical basis, the worker who used his hands and traditional tools has become a machine operator. The movement of capital in the sugarcane industry influenced the characteristics of the rural labor, the formation of industrial army reserve and started to dictate rules to the independent producers who supply cane to the plants.