Desafios Climáticos e a Evolução da Bioética: Perspectivas e Práticas a Partir de um Desastre Brasileiro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/redes.v29i1.19531Palavras-chave:
Ética, Mudança Climática, Saúde Planetária, Justiça AmbientalResumo
Este artigo examina as implicações bioéticas dos eventos climáticos extremos, utilizando como estudo de caso os desastres ocorridos no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, em maio de 2024. Propomos uma expansão do escopo da bioética para além dos dilemas (bio)médicos clássicos, englobando os desafios ambientais e climáticos que afetam a saúde planetária. Por meio da perspectiva "One Health", discutimos como a bioética pode contribuir para a compreensão e a redução dos impactos da mudança climática, integrando as perspectivas de saúde humana, animal e ambiental. O artigo revisita as contribuições de Fritz Jahr e Van Rensselaer Potter na formação do conceito de bioética, enfatizando a necessidade de uma "bioética profunda" que destaca a responsabilidade intergeracional e a justiça ambiental. Ressaltamos a urgência de políticas que não apenas respondam a crises imediatas, mas que também antecipem futuras catástrofes, promovendo uma ética da precaução e da sustentabilidade. Finalmente, propõe-se que a bioética, ao adotar uma abordagem mais abrangente, possa oferecer respostas adequadas aos desafios éticos impostos pela mudança climática, assegurando que medidas preventivas e de mitigação de danos sejam implementadas para proteger as populações vulneráveis e promover uma coabitação sustentável no planeta.
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